近幾年的四級(jí)作文題基本上都是要求考生就某種現(xiàn)實(shí)現(xiàn)象或觀點(diǎn)發(fā)表自己的看法，內(nèi)容多是考生所熟悉的社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話題或大學(xué)生生活題材。寫(xiě)好四級(jí)作文有兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)：，根據(jù)英文的表達(dá)習(xí)慣來(lái)安排寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)；第二，用自己熟悉的英文詞匯、句式和句型正確地寫(xiě)出自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法。因此，老師將按照起承轉(zhuǎn)合的結(jié)構(gòu)安排，為大家詳細(xì)介紹一下寫(xiě)作中常用的重點(diǎn)關(guān)聯(lián)詞匯、短語(yǔ)、句式及句型，好為大家四級(jí)寫(xiě)作提供有用的素材。
　　（一）起
　　觀點(diǎn)（現(xiàn)象性）：
　　When it comes to…, different people hold different views. Some argue that…, while others believe that…
　　Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that…
　　Nowadays, it is generally believed that…, but I doubt whether…
　　As is known to all, …(諺語(yǔ)或名言). A case in point is that…

　　描述性：
　　One of the most serious problems our country is faced with nowadays is …
　　As we can easily see from the above graph, the figure of …h(huán)as nearly decreased/increased …times, compared with…
　　From… to …, great changes have taken place in…

　　（二）承
　　1. 關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)或重點(diǎn)詞匯：
　　遞進(jìn)：
　　first, second, third…last; firstly, secondly, thirdly… finally; to begin with, what’s more, in the end; first of all, then, next, moreover, furthermore…, in the first place, in the second place, last but not least
　　舉例：
　　show, exemplify, illustrate, prove, indicate, exhibit, demonstrate, for example, for instance, take …as an example, such as, like , a good case in point
　　因果：
　　cause, result in, lead to, produce, bring about, contribute to, based on, because, since, now that, therefore, thus, consequently, owing to, due to, through, because of, on account of, as a result, as a consequence
　　分類(lèi)：
arrange in two/three categories, be classified into a number of groups, fall into the following kinds, be put into several groups, consist of
　　2. 句型及常用表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)：
　　舉例：
　　There are many examples to prove… Here I will cite just a few.
　　There is enough/convincing /sufficient evidence to prove that…
　　Just take …as an example.
　　The case effectively clarifies the fact that …
　　Though numerous examples can be given, this/these will be sufficient.
　　因果：
　　There are several reasons for…
　　The reason why …can be traced to…
　　The causes for …are as follows…
　　Therefore, we can draw/arrive at/reach/make the following conclusion…
　　There are many causes/reasons for…. Firstly, …, secondly, …, thirdly,…
　　…also contribute to the reason why…
　　分類(lèi)：
　　…may be classified according to /on the basis of /depending on…
　　…may be divided into…

　　（三）轉(zhuǎn)
　　轉(zhuǎn)折：
　　but, however, yet, instead, whereas, otherwise, nevertheless, unfortunately
　　They may be right about …, but they seem to neglect the fact that…
　　對(duì)比：
　　just as, in comparison, like, similarly, likewise, correspondingly, similar to, in contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, unlike
　　There are some similarities/differences between…
　　We can compare …with …
　　…h(huán)as something in common with…
　　By contrasting …and…
　　…h(huán)as little common with…
　　Although it is widely accepted that …, it is unlikely to be true that…

　　（四）合
　　1. 關(guān)聯(lián)詞匯或重點(diǎn)詞匯：
　　thus, hence, therefore, accordingly, consequently; as a result/consequence, in conclusion, in general, generally speaking, by and large, on the whole, in a word, to sum up, in short/brief, 　　briefly speaking
　　2. 句型及常用表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)：
　　From discussions above, we may safely draw the conclusion that…
　　Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem.
　　Hence, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to stop/prevent…
　　I believe we can overcome the difficult through great efforts and we will have a brighter future of…
　　以上這些詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型對(duì)于考生來(lái)說(shuō)都是相當(dāng)有用的寫(xiě)作素材，希望考生在考前這幾天好好復(fù)習(xí)一下，以便在考試中能夠運(yùn)用自如。

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