2015年6月英語四級考試押題卷(三)
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Section C
Directions：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each ofthem there arefour choices markedA．，B．，C．andD．. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
57、Questions 57-66 are based on the following passage.
Exchange a glance with someone，then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer，and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3 seconds，and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation，there is a permissible time that you can hold a person’s gaze without being intimate，rude，or aggressive. If you are on an elevator，what gaze-time are you permitted? To answer this question，consider what you typically do. You very likely give other passengers a quick glance to size them up(打量)and to assure them that you mean no threat. Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction，you need to emit a signal telling others you want to be left alone. So you cut off eye contact，what sociologist Erving Goffman(1963)calls“a dimming of the lights”. You look down at the floor，at the indicator lights，anywhere but into another passenger’s eyes. Should you break the rule against stating at a stranger on an elevator，you will make the other person exceedingly unc6mfortable，and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself.
If you hold eye contact for more than 3 seconds，what are you telling another person? Much depends on the person and the situation. For instance，a man and a woman communicate interest in this manner. They typically gaze at each other for about 3 seconds at a time，then drop their eyes down for 3 seconds，before letting their eyes meet again. But if one man gives another man a 3-second-plus stare，he signals，“I know you”. “I aln interested in you”or“You look peculiar and I am curious about you”. This type of stare often produces hostile feelings.
t can be inferred from the first paragraph that __________.
A．every glance has its significance.
B．staring at a person is an expression of interest
C．a gaze longer than 3 seconds is unacceptable
D．a glance conveys more meaning than words
58、 If you want to be left alone on an elevator，the best thing to do is __________.
A．to look into another passenger’s eyes
B．to avoid eye contact with other passengers
C．to signal you are not a threat to anyone
D．to keep a distance from other passengers
59、 By“a dimming of the lights”(Para. 1，Line 8-9)Erving Goffman means“__________”.
A．closing one’s eyes
B．turning off the lights
C．ceasing to glance at others
D．reducing gaze-time to the minimum
60、 If one is looked at by a stranger for too long，he tends to feel __________.
A．depressed
B．uneasy
C．curious
D．amused
61、 The passage mainly discusses__________.
A．the limitations of eye contact
B．the exchange of ideas through eye contact
C．proper behavior in different situations
D．the role of eye contact in interpersonal communication
62、Questions 62-71 are based on the following passage.
The picnics，speeches，and parades of today’s Labor Day were all part of the first celebration，held in New York City in 1882. Its promoter was an Irish-American labor leader named Peter J. McGuire, a carpenter by trade. McGuire had worked since the age of eleven and in 1882 was president of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners(UBCJ). Approaching the City’s Central Labor Union that summer，he proposed a holiday that would applaud(贊許)“the industrial spirit-the great vital force of every nation”. on September 5，his suggestion bore fruit，as an estimated 10，000 workers，many of them ignoring their bosses’warnings，left work to march from Union square up Fifth Avenue to 42nd Street. The event gained national attention，and by 1893 thirty states had made Labor Day an annual holiday.
The quick adoption of the scheme may have indicated less about the state lawmaker’s respect for working people than about a fear of risking their anger. In the 1880s the United States was a land sharply divided between the immensely wealthy and the very poor. Henry George was accurate in describing the era as one of“progress and poverty”. In a society in which factory owners rode in private Pullmans while ten-year-olds slaved in the mines，strong anti-capitalist feelings ran high. Demands for fundamental change were common throughout the labor press. With socialists demanding an end to“wage slavery’’and anarchists(無政府主義)singing the praises of the virtues of dynamite(炸藥)，middle-of-the-roader slike Samuel Gompers and McGuire seemed attractively mild by comparison. One can imagine practical capitalists seeing Labor Day as a bargain：A one-day party certainly cost them less than paying their workers decent wages.
Judging from the passage，McGuire was __________.
A．a moderate labor leader
B．an extreme-anarchist in the labor movement
C．a devoted socialist fighting against exploitation of man by man
D．a firm anti-capitalist demanding the elimination of wage slavery
63、 We can see from the first paragraph that the first Labor Day march __________.
A．immediately won nationwide support
B．involved workers from 30 states
C．was opposed by many factory owners
D．was organized by the UBCJ
64、 Which of the following is the key factor in the immediate approval of Labor Day as fl national holiday?
A．The lawmakers’ respect for the workers.
B．The worker’s determination to have a holiday of their own.
C．The socialists’demands for thorough reform.
D．The politicians’ fear of the workers’ anger.
65、 We learn from the passage that the establishment of Labor Day __________.
A．was accepted by most bosses as a compromise
B．marked a turning point in the workers’struggle for mole fights
C．indicated the improvement of the workers’welfare
D．signaled the end of“wage slavery”
66、 McGuire proposed Labor Day in order to __________.
A．draw people’s attention to the striking contrast between the rich and the poor
B．make prominent the important role of the working class in society
C．win for the workers the fight to shorter working hours
D．expose the exploitation of the workers by their bosses
Directions：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each ofthem there arefour choices markedA．，B．，C．andD．. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
57、Questions 57-66 are based on the following passage.
Exchange a glance with someone，then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer，and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3 seconds，and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation，there is a permissible time that you can hold a person’s gaze without being intimate，rude，or aggressive. If you are on an elevator，what gaze-time are you permitted? To answer this question，consider what you typically do. You very likely give other passengers a quick glance to size them up(打量)and to assure them that you mean no threat. Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction，you need to emit a signal telling others you want to be left alone. So you cut off eye contact，what sociologist Erving Goffman(1963)calls“a dimming of the lights”. You look down at the floor，at the indicator lights，anywhere but into another passenger’s eyes. Should you break the rule against stating at a stranger on an elevator，you will make the other person exceedingly unc6mfortable，and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself.
If you hold eye contact for more than 3 seconds，what are you telling another person? Much depends on the person and the situation. For instance，a man and a woman communicate interest in this manner. They typically gaze at each other for about 3 seconds at a time，then drop their eyes down for 3 seconds，before letting their eyes meet again. But if one man gives another man a 3-second-plus stare，he signals，“I know you”. “I aln interested in you”or“You look peculiar and I am curious about you”. This type of stare often produces hostile feelings.
t can be inferred from the first paragraph that __________.
A．every glance has its significance.
B．staring at a person is an expression of interest
C．a gaze longer than 3 seconds is unacceptable
D．a glance conveys more meaning than words
58、 If you want to be left alone on an elevator，the best thing to do is __________.
A．to look into another passenger’s eyes
B．to avoid eye contact with other passengers
C．to signal you are not a threat to anyone
D．to keep a distance from other passengers
59、 By“a dimming of the lights”(Para. 1，Line 8-9)Erving Goffman means“__________”.
A．closing one’s eyes
B．turning off the lights
C．ceasing to glance at others
D．reducing gaze-time to the minimum
60、 If one is looked at by a stranger for too long，he tends to feel __________.
A．depressed
B．uneasy
C．curious
D．amused
61、 The passage mainly discusses__________.
A．the limitations of eye contact
B．the exchange of ideas through eye contact
C．proper behavior in different situations
D．the role of eye contact in interpersonal communication
62、Questions 62-71 are based on the following passage.
The picnics，speeches，and parades of today’s Labor Day were all part of the first celebration，held in New York City in 1882. Its promoter was an Irish-American labor leader named Peter J. McGuire, a carpenter by trade. McGuire had worked since the age of eleven and in 1882 was president of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners(UBCJ). Approaching the City’s Central Labor Union that summer，he proposed a holiday that would applaud(贊許)“the industrial spirit-the great vital force of every nation”. on September 5，his suggestion bore fruit，as an estimated 10，000 workers，many of them ignoring their bosses’warnings，left work to march from Union square up Fifth Avenue to 42nd Street. The event gained national attention，and by 1893 thirty states had made Labor Day an annual holiday.
The quick adoption of the scheme may have indicated less about the state lawmaker’s respect for working people than about a fear of risking their anger. In the 1880s the United States was a land sharply divided between the immensely wealthy and the very poor. Henry George was accurate in describing the era as one of“progress and poverty”. In a society in which factory owners rode in private Pullmans while ten-year-olds slaved in the mines，strong anti-capitalist feelings ran high. Demands for fundamental change were common throughout the labor press. With socialists demanding an end to“wage slavery’’and anarchists(無政府主義)singing the praises of the virtues of dynamite(炸藥)，middle-of-the-roader slike Samuel Gompers and McGuire seemed attractively mild by comparison. One can imagine practical capitalists seeing Labor Day as a bargain：A one-day party certainly cost them less than paying their workers decent wages.
Judging from the passage，McGuire was __________.
A．a moderate labor leader
B．an extreme-anarchist in the labor movement
C．a devoted socialist fighting against exploitation of man by man
D．a firm anti-capitalist demanding the elimination of wage slavery
63、 We can see from the first paragraph that the first Labor Day march __________.
A．immediately won nationwide support
B．involved workers from 30 states
C．was opposed by many factory owners
D．was organized by the UBCJ
64、 Which of the following is the key factor in the immediate approval of Labor Day as fl national holiday?
A．The lawmakers’ respect for the workers.
B．The worker’s determination to have a holiday of their own.
C．The socialists’demands for thorough reform.
D．The politicians’ fear of the workers’ anger.
65、 We learn from the passage that the establishment of Labor Day __________.
A．was accepted by most bosses as a compromise
B．marked a turning point in the workers’struggle for mole fights
C．indicated the improvement of the workers’welfare
D．signaled the end of“wage slavery”
66、 McGuire proposed Labor Day in order to __________.
A．draw people’s attention to the striking contrast between the rich and the poor
B．make prominent the important role of the working class in society
C．win for the workers the fight to shorter working hours
D．expose the exploitation of the workers by their bosses
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