2015年英語四級考試每日一練(4月29日)
導讀:
在線測試本批《每日一練》試題,可查看答案及解析,并保留做題記錄 >> 在線做題
單項選擇題
1、聽音頻:
根據所聽到的內容,回題。
A.He made things worse.
B.He messed up the deal.
C.He wasn't trusted by the woman.
D.He had a terrible day.
2、聽音頻:
聽錄音,回答題。
A.Plan his budget carefully.
B.Give her more information.
C.Ask someone else for advice.
D.Buy a gift for his girlfriend.
3、根據材料,回答問題。
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet.
Psychologists who study optimization ( 優化 ) compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents (支持者) of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take,they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent (相關的) considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.
Since most important problems are multifaceted (多層面的), there are several alternatives to choose from,each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for my college students is the question "What will I do after graduation?" A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.
A decision-making worksheet begins with succinct ( 簡潔的) statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to "What will I do after graduation that will lead to a successful career?"
Of the following stepsis the one that occurs before the others in making a decision worksheet.
A.listing the consequences of each solution
B.calculating a numerical summary of each solution
C.writing down all possible solutions
D.deciding which consequences are most important
4、Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
A.Its variety of colors.
B.Its unusual texture.
C.The way it is sold.
D.Its main ingredient.
5、回答題
Climate change has claimed its latest victim:Limacina helicina,a planktonic,predatory(捕食的)sea snail that’s a member of the taxonomic group more(36)__________ known as sea butterflies.(The name is(37)__________ from the wing-like lobes(葉瓣)the tiny creatures use to get around.)In a study(38)__________ published in joumal Proceedings of the Royal Society B,a group of scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)and Oregon State University have fQund that the Pacific Ocean’s decreasing pH—its acidifying(酸化),in other words-is dissolving L.helicina’s thin shells.
The researchers collected sea butterfly(39)__________ from 13 sites along the Pacific coast(between Washington and southern CaliforniA.,going over each with a scanning electron microscope.More than half of the shells(53%)from onshore individuals(40)__________ signs of“severe dissolution damage,”while 24%of(41)
__________ individuals suffered dissolution damage.The study’s(42)__________ investigator,Dr.NinaBednarsek of NOAA,described the affected L.helicina shells as having a texture not unlike“cauliflower”or“sandpaper.”
According to the paper,there was a“strong positive(43)__________ ”between the proportion of sea butterflies with severe shell dissolution damage and“the percentage of undersaturated(未達到飽和的)water”near the ocean’s surface.The researchers conclude“shell dissolution owing to(human.caused ocean(44)_________)
has doubled in near shore habitats since pre.industrial conditions across this region and is on track to triple by 2050,”a truly(45)__________ prediction.Moreover,the broader implications for ecosystem are unclear,as damaged shells make it harder for L.helicina to fight infections,stay buoyant,and protect themselves from predators.
A.showed
B.recently
C.protected
D.commonly
E.derived
F.samples
G.offshore
H.principal
I.noticed
J.correlation
K.encouraging
L.seaward
M.acidification
N.grim
O.pollution
__________
簡答題
6、 “你要茶還是要咖啡?”是用餐人常被問到的問題。許多西方人會選咖啡,而中國人則會選茶。相傳,中國的一位尊王于五千多年前發現了茶,并用來治病。在明清(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)期間,茶館遍布全國。飲茶在六世紀傳到日本,但直到十七、十八世紀才傳到歐美。如今,茶是世界上流行的飲料(bevemge)之一。茶是中國的民族飲品,也是中國傳統和文化的重要組成部分。
7、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
逆境(adversity)就是人在生活中遇到的困難和遭受的挫折(setback)。人生在世,每個人都會遇到逆境,它在人們的成長和成熟的過程中起著重要作用。人們看待它的態度決定了它對人們的影響。用積極的態度看待逆境,我們的性格會變得成熟。因此逆境其實是一種挑戰和考驗,它能使人的潛力發揮到。它能幫人驅走惰性,在與困難進行的搏斗中完善自己,這就是逆境的意義所在!
8、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should
write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
孔子(公元前551~公元前479),中國歷史上偉大的教育家、思想家和政治家,儒家思想(Confucianism)的創始人。他創辦私學,招收并教育弟子(disciple),創立了以“仁”為核心的道德學說。相傳他有弟子三千,曾帶領部分弟子周游列國。孔子的言論及其與弟子們的對話被匯集編纂成《論語》(Th eAnalects ofConfu—cius),千古傳誦。自漢代以后,儒家思想成為兩千多年來中華傳統文化的主流,影響極為深遠。
9、故宮(Imperial Palace)位于北京城的中心,是明清兩代(Ming and Qing Dynasties)的皇宮,是中國現存的古代木構建筑群。故宮始建于l406年,歷時十四年后竣工,迄今已有5000多年的歷史。氣勢雄偉的故宮是中國古建筑藝術的精華,里面保存有大量稀世文物和珍寶,對于研究明清兩代及歷代藝術具有重要意義。1987年被聯合國教科文組織(UNESCO)列入“世界人類文化遺產”。
注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。
10、You should write a short essay on the topic ofOnline Games.
寫作導航
1.指出年輕人容易沉迷于網絡游戲這一社會現象,
2.闡述網絡游戲并非一無是處;
3.提出自己的觀點:只要足夠自制,可以從網絡游戲中獲得真正的快樂。
1、聽音頻:
點擊播放
根據所聽到的內容,回題。
A.He made things worse.
B.He messed up the deal.
C.He wasn't trusted by the woman.
D.He had a terrible day.
2、聽音頻:
點擊播放
聽錄音,回答題。
A.Plan his budget carefully.
B.Give her more information.
C.Ask someone else for advice.
D.Buy a gift for his girlfriend.
3、根據材料,回答問題。
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet.
Psychologists who study optimization ( 優化 ) compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents (支持者) of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take,they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent (相關的) considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.
Since most important problems are multifaceted (多層面的), there are several alternatives to choose from,each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for my college students is the question "What will I do after graduation?" A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.
A decision-making worksheet begins with succinct ( 簡潔的) statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to "What will I do after graduation that will lead to a successful career?"
Of the following stepsis the one that occurs before the others in making a decision worksheet.
A.listing the consequences of each solution
B.calculating a numerical summary of each solution
C.writing down all possible solutions
D.deciding which consequences are most important
4、Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
A.Its variety of colors.
B.Its unusual texture.
C.The way it is sold.
D.Its main ingredient.
5、回答題
Climate change has claimed its latest victim:Limacina helicina,a planktonic,predatory(捕食的)sea snail that’s a member of the taxonomic group more(36)__________ known as sea butterflies.(The name is(37)__________ from the wing-like lobes(葉瓣)the tiny creatures use to get around.)In a study(38)__________ published in joumal Proceedings of the Royal Society B,a group of scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)and Oregon State University have fQund that the Pacific Ocean’s decreasing pH—its acidifying(酸化),in other words-is dissolving L.helicina’s thin shells.
The researchers collected sea butterfly(39)__________ from 13 sites along the Pacific coast(between Washington and southern CaliforniA.,going over each with a scanning electron microscope.More than half of the shells(53%)from onshore individuals(40)__________ signs of“severe dissolution damage,”while 24%of(41)
__________ individuals suffered dissolution damage.The study’s(42)__________ investigator,Dr.NinaBednarsek of NOAA,described the affected L.helicina shells as having a texture not unlike“cauliflower”or“sandpaper.”
According to the paper,there was a“strong positive(43)__________ ”between the proportion of sea butterflies with severe shell dissolution damage and“the percentage of undersaturated(未達到飽和的)water”near the ocean’s surface.The researchers conclude“shell dissolution owing to(human.caused ocean(44)_________)
has doubled in near shore habitats since pre.industrial conditions across this region and is on track to triple by 2050,”a truly(45)__________ prediction.Moreover,the broader implications for ecosystem are unclear,as damaged shells make it harder for L.helicina to fight infections,stay buoyant,and protect themselves from predators.
A.showed
B.recently
C.protected
D.commonly
E.derived
F.samples
G.offshore
H.principal
I.noticed
J.correlation
K.encouraging
L.seaward
M.acidification
N.grim
O.pollution
__________
簡答題
6、 “你要茶還是要咖啡?”是用餐人常被問到的問題。許多西方人會選咖啡,而中國人則會選茶。相傳,中國的一位尊王于五千多年前發現了茶,并用來治病。在明清(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)期間,茶館遍布全國。飲茶在六世紀傳到日本,但直到十七、十八世紀才傳到歐美。如今,茶是世界上流行的飲料(bevemge)之一。茶是中國的民族飲品,也是中國傳統和文化的重要組成部分。
7、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
逆境(adversity)就是人在生活中遇到的困難和遭受的挫折(setback)。人生在世,每個人都會遇到逆境,它在人們的成長和成熟的過程中起著重要作用。人們看待它的態度決定了它對人們的影響。用積極的態度看待逆境,我們的性格會變得成熟。因此逆境其實是一種挑戰和考驗,它能使人的潛力發揮到。它能幫人驅走惰性,在與困難進行的搏斗中完善自己,這就是逆境的意義所在!
8、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should
write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
孔子(公元前551~公元前479),中國歷史上偉大的教育家、思想家和政治家,儒家思想(Confucianism)的創始人。他創辦私學,招收并教育弟子(disciple),創立了以“仁”為核心的道德學說。相傳他有弟子三千,曾帶領部分弟子周游列國。孔子的言論及其與弟子們的對話被匯集編纂成《論語》(Th eAnalects ofConfu—cius),千古傳誦。自漢代以后,儒家思想成為兩千多年來中華傳統文化的主流,影響極為深遠。
9、故宮(Imperial Palace)位于北京城的中心,是明清兩代(Ming and Qing Dynasties)的皇宮,是中國現存的古代木構建筑群。故宮始建于l406年,歷時十四年后竣工,迄今已有5000多年的歷史。氣勢雄偉的故宮是中國古建筑藝術的精華,里面保存有大量稀世文物和珍寶,對于研究明清兩代及歷代藝術具有重要意義。1987年被聯合國教科文組織(UNESCO)列入“世界人類文化遺產”。
注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。
10、You should write a short essay on the topic ofOnline Games.
寫作導航
1.指出年輕人容易沉迷于網絡游戲這一社會現象,
2.闡述網絡游戲并非一無是處;
3.提出自己的觀點:只要足夠自制,可以從網絡游戲中獲得真正的快樂。
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