2018年遼寧學(xué)位英語閱讀理解推理題的答題方法和技巧
推理性試題大多含有infer, imply, suggest, conclude,(most)probably 等關(guān)鍵詞。以下是一些常見的提問方式：
It can be inferred from the passage that _____.
The passage implies that _____.
The passage suggests that _____.
What is implied in the passage？
The paragraph following (proceeding)
this passage probably will discuss （discusses）_____.
推理性試題不能從文章中直接找到答案。解這類題需要考生在正確理解原文語言字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上，運用邏輯推理的方法去理解文章字里行間的意義。對原文中找到的所有相關(guān)信息要進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，摸清它們相互之間時間、方位、因果、對比等邏輯關(guān)系，在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行綜合推理，選定答案。
例如：.
On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery. The Civil War was still going on. There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of politeness. The principal speaker was to be Edward Everett, a famous statesman and speaker of the day. Everett was a handsome man and very popular everywhere.
It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech. The next day Everett spoke first. He spoke for an hour and 57 minutes. His speech was a perfect example of the rich oratory of the day. Then Lincoln rose. The crowd of 15,000 people at first paid little attention to him. He spoke for only nine minutes. At the end there was little applause. Lincoln turned to a friend and remarked, “I have failed again.” On the train back to Washington, he said sadly, “That speech was a flat failure, and the people are disappointed.”
Some newspapers at first criticized the speech. But little by little as people read the speech they began to understand better. They began to appreciate its simplicity and its deep meaning. It was a speech which only Abraham Lincoln could have made.
Today, every American school child learns Lincoln's Gettysburg Address by heart. Now everyone thinks of it as one of the greatest speeches ever given in American history.
13. It can be inferred from the text that_________.
A. Lincoln prepared his speech very carefully before he went to Gettysburg
B. Lincoln was very busy at the time and didn't have much time to prepare his speech
C. Lincoln's speech was full of rich words
D. Lincoln's speech was very long
【答案】B 推斷題。答案在文章的第二段的開始可以找到。"It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech.”
下面我們再來看一段例文
Passage A
下面我們再來看一段例文
Passage A
Advertisement can be thought of “as the means of making known in order to buy or sell goods or services”. Advertisement aims to increase people‘s awareness and arouse interest. It tries to inform and to persuade. The media are all used to spread the message. The press offers a fairly cheap method, and magazines are used to reach special sections of the market. The cinema and commercial radio are useful for local market. Television, although more expensive, can be very effective. Public notices are fairly cheap and more permanent in their power of attraction. Other ways of increasing consumer interest are through exhibitions and trade fairs as well as direct mail advertisement.
There can be no doubt that the growth in advertisement is one of the most striking features of the western world in this century. Many businesses such as those handling frozen foods, liquor,tobacco and medicines have been built up largely by advertisement.
We might ask whether the cost of advertisement is paid for by the producer or by the customer. Since advertisement forms part of the cost of production, which has to be covered by the selling price, it is clear that it is the customer who pays for advertisement. However, if large scale advertisement leads to increased demand, production costs are reduced, and the customer pays less.
It is difficult to measure exactly the influence of advertisement on sales. When the market is growing, advertisement helps to increase demand. When the market is shrinking, advertisement may prevent a bigger fall in sales than would occur without its support. What is clear is that businesses would not pay large sums for advertisement if they were not convinced of its value to them.
5. A. businesses usually do not pay much for advertisement
B. businessmen know well that advertisement could bring them more profits
C. advertisement could hardly convince people of the value of the goods
D. advertisement usually cost businesses large amounts of money
【答案】B.推斷題。文章后一句話的意思是“很明顯，如果商家對產(chǎn)品的利潤沒有把握的話，是不會花很多錢投資廣告的。”反過來說，商家非常清楚廣告會給他帶來更大的利潤。因此B 是正確答案。
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