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二、閱讀理解(11-30)

If the Dakota Access Pipeline(輸油管道) is completed, it will carry nearly half a million bar-rels of oil across four states every day. Energy Transfer Partners (ETP), a Texas-based company behind the $ 3.8 billion project, hopes to finish construction this year. But the Standing Rock Sioux, an American Indian tribe( 部落), is determined to stop the 1,172-mile pipeline from being built. (76)Both sides show no signs of backing down.

The Dakota Access Pipeline was announced in 2014. A section of it will run near the Standing Rock Sioux reservation. A reservation is an area of land set aside for American Indians. The tribe says the construction threatens to destroy historical areas and ancient burial sites. They also say the pipeline could pollute their main water source, the Missouri River. In April, the Standing Rock Sioux began a protest against the project. They camped at the construction site. Since then, thou-sands of people, including people from American Indian tribes, have traveled to the site to join the protest.

ETP says that the pipeline will have built-in safety measures to protect against oil leaks. Work-ers will also monitor it remotely, and will be able to close valves (閥) within three minutes if leaks are detected.

American Indians have been staging a nonviolent protest for months. The protest took a turn last week when police were called to keep the peace between protesters and armed security guards hired by the company.

Twenty-eight people have been arrested since then and charged with interfering with the pipeline construction.

11.Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?

A.The Dakota Access Pipeline will create more markets for oil and gas.

B.The Dakota Access Pipeline will create many job opportunities.

C.American Indians oppose the construction of an oil pipeline.

D.American Indians fight for equal voting rights.

答案：C

解析： 【定位】段第二句話“Energy Transfer Partners…h(huán)opes to finish construction this year.”;第三句話“But the Standing Rock Sioux，an Amefican Indian tribe，is determined to stop the 1，172-mile pipefine from being built.”和第四句話“Bom sides show no signs of back-ing down.”。

主旨題。題干問(wèn)的是“下列哪項(xiàng)表達(dá)了本文的大意?”根據(jù)定位句句“ETP

公司期望在今年內(nèi)完成輸油管道建設(shè)”，第三句“立巖蘇族決定要中止1172英里長(zhǎng)的輸油管道的修建”，第四句“雙方都沒有妥協(xié)的跡象”可知雙方矛盾所在。A項(xiàng)“達(dá)科塔輸油管道將為原油和天然氣創(chuàng)造更多市場(chǎng)”;B項(xiàng)“達(dá)科塔輸油管道將創(chuàng)造更多就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”;D項(xiàng)“美國(guó)印第安人為平等投票權(quán)而戰(zhàn)”在文中均沒有提及。故選C。

12.ETP hopes to finish this project in__________.

A.2016

B.2017

C.2018

D.2019

答案：A

解析：【定位】段第二句話“Energy Transfer Partners…h(huán)opes to finish construction mis year.”。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問(wèn)的是“ETP公司希望在哪一年完成工程建設(shè)?”定位句指出“ETP公司期望在今年內(nèi)完成輸油管道建設(shè)”。由于今年是2016年，故選A。

13.Why do American Indians protest against the construction of this pipeline?

A.Because it will cost up to $ 3.8 billion.

B.Because it threatens the region' s water supply.

C.Because it will make many people lose their jobs.

D.Because it will force many people to leave their homes.

答案：B

解析：【定位】第二段第五句話“They also say the pipefine could pollute their main water source， the Missouri River.”。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問(wèn)的是“為什么美國(guó)印第安人抗議反對(duì)輸油管道的建設(shè)?”根據(jù)定位句“他們同時(shí)認(rèn)為管道可能會(huì)污染當(dāng)?shù)氐闹饕础芴K里河”可知，印第安人反對(duì)管道建設(shè)的一個(gè)原因是擔(dān)心管道會(huì)污染水源。A項(xiàng)“因?yàn)楣こ毯馁Y達(dá)38億”，不是印第安人抗議的原因;C項(xiàng)“因?yàn)楹芏嗳藭?huì)因此失業(yè)”和D項(xiàng)“這將迫使很多人離開家園”均未在文中提及，故選B。

14.According to the passage, the workers can__________ in case of pipeline leaks.

A.report it to the local government

B.ask people to leave the leak affected areas

C.call 911

D.close valves

答案：D

解析：【定位】第三段第二句話“Workers will also monitor it remotely，and will be able to close valves within three minutes if leaks are detected.”。 細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問(wèn)的是“根據(jù)文章，出現(xiàn)管道泄漏時(shí)，工人可以如何應(yīng)對(duì)?”定位句“工人們可以進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)有泄露，他們可以在3分鐘之內(nèi)關(guān)上閥門。”表明工人可以關(guān)閉閥門。A項(xiàng)“向當(dāng)?shù)卣畢R報(bào)”;B項(xiàng)“讓人們離開泄漏影響地區(qū)”;C項(xiàng)“打電話給911”，均未在文中提及。故選D。

15.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

A.This pipeline will cross four states.

B.This pipeline is 1,179. miles long.

C.All the protesters are from the Standing Rock Sioux.

D.Neither side of the dispute is willing to compromise.

答案：C

解析：【定位】段句話“If the Dakota Access Pipeline is completed，it will carry nearly half a million barrels of oil across four states every day.”;段第三句話“But the Standing Rock Sioux，an American Indian tribe，is determined to stop the 1，172-mile pipeline from be-ing built.”;第二段后一句話“Since then，thousands of people，including people from other American Indian tribes，have Raveled to the site to join the protest.”;段后一句話“Both sides show no signs of backing down.”。

綜合分析題。題干問(wèn)的是“根據(jù)文章，下列哪個(gè)表述不正確?”根據(jù)定位句分別得出四個(gè)選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)“如果達(dá)科塔輸油管道完工，每天近50萬(wàn)桶原油將跨越四個(gè)州進(jìn)行輸送。”;B項(xiàng)“立巖蘇族決定要中止1172英里長(zhǎng)的輸油管道的修建”;C項(xiàng)“此后，幾千人，包括美國(guó)其他印第安部落的人們紛紛來(lái)到工地加入抗議大軍。”;D項(xiàng)“雙方都沒有表示妥協(xié)的跡象。”。A、B、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均符合文中表述，只有C項(xiàng)不完全符合，故選C。

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