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2009年12月大學英語四級考試真題及答案(word版)

  Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
  篇章結構
  
  核心詞匯
  1. aid n. ①幫助,援助 ②助手v. 幫助,援助
  【用】financial aid經濟援助;merit aid/ Merit-based獎學金;need-based aid助學金或經濟資助;foreign aid外援,對外援助;hearing aid助聽器;aids and appliances用具,設備【搭】in aid to用來幫助,起……作用;lead one’s aid (to)援助,給予幫助;in aid of作為援助……之用【拓】aidance n. 協助,幫助;aidant a. 幫助的;aided a. 輔助的
  2. project v. ①設計 ②發射n. 事業,計劃,工程
  【用】Project Hope希望工程;project manager項目經理;project plan項目規劃;project budget項目預算,工程預算【拓】projection n. 突出,發射;projecting a. 突出的
  3. selective a. 選擇性的
  4. 【用】selective analysis重點分析;selective breeding選擇育種,選擇性繁殖 【拓】select v. 挑選,選拔a. 精選的;selection n. 選擇,挑選,選集
  5. package n. 包裹;套裝軟件,程序包a. 一攬子的
  【用】package design包裝設計;package agreement一攬子安排,一攬子方案;package holiday(旅行社安排一切的)一攬子旅游;package tour包辦旅行(路線、地點、時間和費用等均作統一規定和安排的旅游);package program組裝程序【拓】pack n.包裝,背包v. 包裝,壓緊;packaged a. 袋裝的;packager n. 打包機
  6. ranking a. 頭等的;n. 等級,地位
  【用】ranking list排名;ranking method等級法,排序法
  【拓】rank n. 等級;隊列;v. 排列,列隊
  7. grant v. ①授予 ②承認;n. ①授予物 ②撥款
  【用】grant of a patent授予專利權【搭】take…for granted認為……是理所當然; Granted/Granting that即使……(也)【拓】grants n. 補助金,津貼(grant的復數)
  8. enrol v. 登記,入學,參軍,注冊
  【搭】enrol in選課,參加【拓】enrollment n. 登記,入伍;enrollee n. 入學者,入伍者
  9. eliminate v. 消除,排除
  【用】eliminate illiteracy掃盲;eliminate poverty消除貧困;eliminate noise 消除噪聲【拓】eliminate 是指把已進入者從中排除;exclude v. 指把想進入者拒之門外
  10. qualify v. 使具有資格,證明……合格【用】qualifying examination資格考試,初試;qualifying competition預選賽,資格賽 【搭】qualify as 取得……資格,作為……合適;qualify for有……的資格,合格【拓】qualified a. 有資格的,合格的
  11. excel v. 勝過,優于,擅長n. [計算機] 軟件名稱
  【搭】to excel in/at (在某方面)勝過(或超過)別人;to excel in music 擅長音樂
  【拓】 excellent a. 極好的,卓越的;excellence n. ,長處
  12. submit v. 使服從,提交【用】submit oneself to discipline遵守紀律;submit registration提交登記表,提交注冊【搭】submit to 服從;submit…to 將……呈交給【拓】 submission n. 服從,投降
  試題詳解
  1. 【原題譯文】隨著越來越多的低收入學生追求高等教育,一些學院__。
  B【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是more and more,low-income students和pursuing higher education。由此即可定位到原文第二段,全文的主旨段。
  【篇章分析】原文第二段指出:“But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as merit aid, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars.”原文中with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population和題干中with more and more low-income students pursuing higher education意思一致;原文中re-examining和B選項中revise意思相同。所以答案為B。
  2. 【原題譯文】位于米德維爾的阿勒格尼學院三年前做了什么?
  D【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是大學名稱Allegheny College in Meadville和do,由此定位到原文第三段。
  【篇章分析】原文第三段指出:“George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients (接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago.”題目中的D項It cut its merit-based aid help the needy students與原文cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients, pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid意思相同,所以答案為D。來源:
  3. 【原題譯文】有排名意識的大學提供獎學金的主要目的是__。
  C【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是rankings-conscious和purpose,由此可定位到原文第七段。
  【篇章分析】原文第七段指出:“But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profiles.”原文中的recruit表示“招收”,和答案C中的attract意思相似,所以答案為C。
  4. 【原題譯文】漢密爾頓的入學和助學金辦公室主任莫尼卡•英澤相信__。
  D【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hanilton,由此可定位到原文第十段。
  【篇章分析】原文第十段指出:“to be discounting the price for families that don’t need financial aid doesn’t feel right any more.”原文與D項it’s not right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition意思相同,所以答案為D。
  5. 【原題譯文】近年來,獎學金的增長比助學金快得多,是因為__。
  B【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是merit-based aid和increased,由此即可定位到原文第十二段第二句。
  【篇章分析】原文第十二段第二句指出:“typically in a bid to enroll top students in the state’s public institutions.” in a bid to 可以理解為“為了……,力求……”。enroll top students in the state’s public institutions符合原題意思,所以答案為B
  6. 【原題譯文】依大衛•萊爾德來看,許多私立學院對獎學金的態度是什么?
  A【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是David Laird,attitude,private colleges和merit aid,由此即可定位到原文第十四段。
  【篇章分析】原文第十四段指出:“David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to reduce their merit aid”。原文和答案A項They would like to see it reduced意思一致,所以答案為A。
  7. 【原題譯文】為什么阿勒格尼學院不打算完全取消獎學金?
  C【快速解題】本題的題干是Allegheny College和drop merit aid。由此即可定位到原文第十六段。
  【篇章分析】原文第十六段指出:“A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don’t qualify for need-based aid, that many have to depend on it.”。原文中depend on和答案C選項中的rely on意思相同,所以答案為C。
  8. qualified
  【原題譯文】每年是否可以繼續享受學術獎學金取決于獎學金得主是否繼續________。
  【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是annual renewal,academic,merit scholarships和recipient,由此即可定位到原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分。
  【篇章分析】原文A few words about merit-based aid部分第四句指出:“These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills, and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify”。 這些獎學金通常幫助學生交納學費,只要他們繼續符合條件,每年都可以繼續享受。原文中的each year在本題中被換成了annual,原文中的renewed在本題中被換成了名詞renewal,原文中的continue被轉換成了remain,所以本題應該填形容詞qualified。
  9. recognizes
  【原題譯文】體育獎學金申請者要求有______其在運動方面有杰出表現的教練或裁判的推薦。
  【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是athletic和a coach or a referee,由此即可定位到原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分第三段。
  【篇章分析】原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分第三段:“Recommendation for this scholarships is required, since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee (裁判).”本獎學金必須有人推薦,因為杰出的運動表現必須得到教練或裁判的認可。題目把原文的被動結構變成了主動,而a coach or a referee是第三人稱單數,所以本題應該填的答案是recognizes。

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