歷年英語四級閱讀真題全解析(2004-2006)
- 第1頁:2004.6-Passage Two
- 第2頁:2004.6-Passage Three
- 第3頁:2004.6-PassageFour
- 第4頁:2005.1-Passage One
- 第5頁:2005.1-Passage Two
- 第6頁:2005.1-Passage Three
- 第7頁:2005.1-Passage Four
- 第8頁:2005.6-Passage 1
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement. “We’re worried about our teachers and principals, and we really don’t want to lose them because of this,” one parent sail. “If we can help ease their financial burden, we will. “
Teachers are grateful, but know it may be years before the district is solvent (有綜合能力的). They feel really good about the parent support, but they realize it’s impossible for then to solve this problem.
The 22,000-student district discovered the shortage last month. “It’s extraordinary. Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level,” said State Treasurer Mike Coffman.
Coffman and district officials last week agreed on a state emergency plan freeing yp a $9.8 million loan that enabled the payroll (工資單) to be met for 2,700 teachers and staff in time for the holidays.
District officials also took $1.7 million from student-activity accounts its 38 schools.
At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.
In Frederick, students’ parents are buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utilities to keep first-year teachers and principals in their jobs.
Some $36,000 has been raised in donations from Safeway. A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill for renting the driver educating cars. IBM contributed 4,500 packs of paper.
“We employ thousands of people in this community,” said Mitch Carson, a hospital chief executive, who helped raise funds. “We have children in the school, and we see how they could be affected.”
At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum (論壇)。 “Rumors about what’s happening to the district are moving at lighting speed,” said a student. “We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”
26. What has happened to the Vrain School District?
A) A huge financial problem has arisen.
B) Many schools there are mismanaged.
C) Lots of teachers in the district are planning to quit.
D) Many administrative personnel have been laid off.(A)
27. How did the residents in the Vrain School District respond to the budget shortage?
A) They felt somewhat helpless about it.
B) They accused those responsible for it.
C) They pooled their efforts to help solve it.
D) They demanded a through investigation.(C)
28. In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortage is ________.
A) unavoidable
B) unthinkable
C) insolvable
D) irreversible(B)
29. Why did Coffman request an investigation?
A) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.
B) To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.
C) To make sure that the school principals were innocent.
D) To stop the voters approving the $212 million bong issue.(A)
30. Three high school students started a website in order to ________.
A) attract greater public attention to their needs
B) appeal to the public for contributions and donations
C) expose officials who neglected their duties
D) keep people properly informed of the crisis(D)
這篇短文講述的是學校資金短缺事件。全文共十個小段,段從丹佛某社區發起運動說起,交代了事件基本信息:1380萬美元的預算短缺,而后引用某位學生父母對學校表示物質支持的原話(we can help ease their financial burden, we will)。這個段落有這樣一個特點,即事件本身只是在句中附帶提到,敘述的重點在于社區對與此事相關的學校、教師的支持。這也暗示了后文的敘述方向不會是對資金短缺事件的原委的敘述,而是各方對此事的反應。從全文來看,包括社區、教師、官方、企業以及學生的反應。
接下來的第二段敘述了教師們對社區支持的反應(grateful),而后用教師們的想法傳達出資金短缺事件的解決難度(impossible for then to solve this problem,社區支持不可能解決問題)。
下一段進一步透露出事件的其他信息:發現時間(last month),并交代了州官員的反應:驚詫(Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level)。下三小段繼續敘述官方的進一步行動:為教師工資提供貸款(9.8 million loan that enabled the payroll),從學生活動資金帳戶中提出170萬美元(officials also took $1.7 million),調查該地區財務(begun investigating the district’s finances)。
后的四段分別交代了學生父母、企業和學生們的反應。父母們為學校購買日常教學器具(buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utilities),企業捐助,如一家雪佛蘭經銷商捐助一萬美元,同時免除校車租金(A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill),IBM捐助了實物(4,500 packs of paper)。之后的一段簡單解釋了募捐的原因。后一段是學生們的行動:建立網站隨時發布該事件的進展情況(We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.)。
26. A
題目問Vrain校區發生了什么事情。從段可知,Vrain校區發生了資金短缺($13.8 million budget shortage),而通讀全篇后可知,這一難題的影響非常嚴重。
A,發生了嚴重的財務困難。資金短缺(budget shortage)也就是財務困難,可以選A。
B,那里許多學校管理不善。此選項考查對the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement一句的理解。前半句的理解應該不成問題,意思是該校區力圖解決一個1380萬的預算缺口。后面的blamed on mismanagement是理解的關鍵,blamed是個被動語態,這里省略了is,而這個句子的完整形式應該是個which引導的從句:shortage which is blamed on mismanagement。Blamed sth on sth 是把某事物的錯誤歸因于另一事物,在句中就是“預算短缺的原因被歸咎于管理不善”。這樣的話,管理不善的對象就是預算而不是學校。
C,該校區的許多教師計劃離職。文中引用了一位學生家長的話:we really don’t want to lose them because of this,表達了人們對預算短缺可能導致教師離去的后果。但文中沒有指出教師是否計劃(planning)離職,或者是否有“很多”(many)教師有此想法。
D,許多管理人員遭到解雇。文中沒有相關敘述。
27. C
題目問這個校區的居民對預算短缺如何反應。
A,他們對此事有些愛莫能助。
B,他們譴責此事的罪魁禍首們。
C,他們為解決此事共同出力。
D,他們要求徹查此事。
文章開頭一句話即是敘述居民們如何努力幫助教師與學校官員們:residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators。Pitch in詞組是努力投入的意思,可見居民們對此事十分重視,力爭幫助學校走出難關。C的敘述符合這個意思,而A的敘述與C的意思恰好相反,可以排除。至于B,從全篇來看,對居民們的描寫均為始終是如何幫助學校,沒有提到譴責誰的問題,也沒有要求徹查此事——要求調查此事的是Coffman(At Coffman’s request——在Coffman的要求下——the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances),而他是一位官員,不是該地居民。
28. B
題目問在Mike Coffman看來,教育預算短缺是……
A,不可避免的。
B,不可想象的。
C,無法解決的。
D,不能取消的。
文章講到Coffman的地方一共三處,次是引用了他對預算短缺事件的評論:It’s extraordinary. Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level。意思是“這太不尋常了。誰也想不到會發生這樣的事,這種程度的事”。第二次是他擬定了一份緊急貸款方案(Coffman and district officials last week agreed on a state emergency plan),第三次是他要求調查地區財政(At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances)。
從本題的題意及四個選項來看,應該考查的是對處——也就是他的發言的理解。Coffman的發言首先指出此事的extraordinary,不同尋常;而后表示了驚訝——誰也想不到會發生這樣的事,這種程度的事。他對此事的態度大體上是“不可思議”。這樣A和D明顯不對,B的說法正確,至于C,引言中無法體現出來,而結合后面二處的描寫,也沒有發現“無法解決”的跡象,反倒是緊急貸款和調查財政等雷厲風行的行事態度顯示出解決此事的決心。因為C的說法也不正確。
29. A
題目問Coffman為什么要求展開調查。
文中講述Coffman要求調查此案是在第六段,除此外再無段落出現相關敘述,因此只要完全理解這一段的意思就可以做出正確的解答。
At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.
這一段共2句話。句指出Coffman要求調查地區財務。第二句是一個長句,主結構是Coffman says ……這樣一個主謂賓結構。賓語從句中依然嵌套一個賓語從句he wants to know whether……后面內容的意思是“是否地區官員掩蓋了預算短缺問題,直到十一月投票發生以后……”后半句是一個非限制性定語從句,when指代的是十一月投票,意思是在十一月投票中,“投票者通過了二億一千二百萬美元的學校公債事項。”這樣,Coffman所懷疑的就是地區官員有可能在十一月投票中掩蓋了預算短缺問題,以使公債事項得以通過。
A,看是否有故意掩蓋問題的行為。這一說法與文意一致。
B,看一看此事的后果嚴重到什么程度。這個說法沒有著落點。
C,確定學校官員是無辜的。文章沒有提到類似的內容。
D,阻止選民通過二億一千二百萬美元的公債事項。理解文意可知,這一公債事項早在十一月投票就已經通過,現在不可能再去阻止。
30. D
題目問三家高中的學生開設了一家網站,其目的是什么。
A,吸引更多的公共關注,以為己用。
B,呼吁公眾捐獻物資。
C,揭露玩忽職守的官員們。
D,使人們隨時得知此次危機事件的真實進展。
文章提到學生建設網站之事是在后一段。At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum (論壇)。 “Rumors about what’s happening to the district are moving at lighting speed,” said a student. “We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”
句敘述了學生們建設網站的事實,第二句引用了學生們的原話,解釋了建設網站的原因。前一句意思是“關于這個地區發生了什么的謠言傳得向閃電一樣快”,后一句的意思是“我們想去了解真相,然后把真相傳播出去。”注意后一句里面使用的時態:wanted用的是一般過去時,表示這一想法是建設網站之初的想法,而不是現在的想法,這樣就可推斷出這一想法就是建站的目的。四個選項中只有D符合這個意思。
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement. “We’re worried about our teachers and principals, and we really don’t want to lose them because of this,” one parent sail. “If we can help ease their financial burden, we will. “
Teachers are grateful, but know it may be years before the district is solvent (有綜合能力的). They feel really good about the parent support, but they realize it’s impossible for then to solve this problem.
The 22,000-student district discovered the shortage last month. “It’s extraordinary. Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level,” said State Treasurer Mike Coffman.
Coffman and district officials last week agreed on a state emergency plan freeing yp a $9.8 million loan that enabled the payroll (工資單) to be met for 2,700 teachers and staff in time for the holidays.
District officials also took $1.7 million from student-activity accounts its 38 schools.
At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.
In Frederick, students’ parents are buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utilities to keep first-year teachers and principals in their jobs.
Some $36,000 has been raised in donations from Safeway. A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill for renting the driver educating cars. IBM contributed 4,500 packs of paper.
“We employ thousands of people in this community,” said Mitch Carson, a hospital chief executive, who helped raise funds. “We have children in the school, and we see how they could be affected.”
At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum (論壇)。 “Rumors about what’s happening to the district are moving at lighting speed,” said a student. “We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”
26. What has happened to the Vrain School District?
A) A huge financial problem has arisen.
B) Many schools there are mismanaged.
C) Lots of teachers in the district are planning to quit.
D) Many administrative personnel have been laid off.(A)
27. How did the residents in the Vrain School District respond to the budget shortage?
A) They felt somewhat helpless about it.
B) They accused those responsible for it.
C) They pooled their efforts to help solve it.
D) They demanded a through investigation.(C)
28. In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortage is ________.
A) unavoidable
B) unthinkable
C) insolvable
D) irreversible(B)
29. Why did Coffman request an investigation?
A) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.
B) To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.
C) To make sure that the school principals were innocent.
D) To stop the voters approving the $212 million bong issue.(A)
30. Three high school students started a website in order to ________.
A) attract greater public attention to their needs
B) appeal to the public for contributions and donations
C) expose officials who neglected their duties
D) keep people properly informed of the crisis(D)
這篇短文講述的是學校資金短缺事件。全文共十個小段,段從丹佛某社區發起運動說起,交代了事件基本信息:1380萬美元的預算短缺,而后引用某位學生父母對學校表示物質支持的原話(we can help ease their financial burden, we will)。這個段落有這樣一個特點,即事件本身只是在句中附帶提到,敘述的重點在于社區對與此事相關的學校、教師的支持。這也暗示了后文的敘述方向不會是對資金短缺事件的原委的敘述,而是各方對此事的反應。從全文來看,包括社區、教師、官方、企業以及學生的反應。
接下來的第二段敘述了教師們對社區支持的反應(grateful),而后用教師們的想法傳達出資金短缺事件的解決難度(impossible for then to solve this problem,社區支持不可能解決問題)。
下一段進一步透露出事件的其他信息:發現時間(last month),并交代了州官員的反應:驚詫(Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level)。下三小段繼續敘述官方的進一步行動:為教師工資提供貸款(9.8 million loan that enabled the payroll),從學生活動資金帳戶中提出170萬美元(officials also took $1.7 million),調查該地區財務(begun investigating the district’s finances)。
后的四段分別交代了學生父母、企業和學生們的反應。父母們為學校購買日常教學器具(buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utilities),企業捐助,如一家雪佛蘭經銷商捐助一萬美元,同時免除校車租金(A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill),IBM捐助了實物(4,500 packs of paper)。之后的一段簡單解釋了募捐的原因。后一段是學生們的行動:建立網站隨時發布該事件的進展情況(We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.)。
26. A
題目問Vrain校區發生了什么事情。從段可知,Vrain校區發生了資金短缺($13.8 million budget shortage),而通讀全篇后可知,這一難題的影響非常嚴重。
A,發生了嚴重的財務困難。資金短缺(budget shortage)也就是財務困難,可以選A。
B,那里許多學校管理不善。此選項考查對the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement一句的理解。前半句的理解應該不成問題,意思是該校區力圖解決一個1380萬的預算缺口。后面的blamed on mismanagement是理解的關鍵,blamed是個被動語態,這里省略了is,而這個句子的完整形式應該是個which引導的從句:shortage which is blamed on mismanagement。Blamed sth on sth 是把某事物的錯誤歸因于另一事物,在句中就是“預算短缺的原因被歸咎于管理不善”。這樣的話,管理不善的對象就是預算而不是學校。
C,該校區的許多教師計劃離職。文中引用了一位學生家長的話:we really don’t want to lose them because of this,表達了人們對預算短缺可能導致教師離去的后果。但文中沒有指出教師是否計劃(planning)離職,或者是否有“很多”(many)教師有此想法。
D,許多管理人員遭到解雇。文中沒有相關敘述。
27. C
題目問這個校區的居民對預算短缺如何反應。
A,他們對此事有些愛莫能助。
B,他們譴責此事的罪魁禍首們。
C,他們為解決此事共同出力。
D,他們要求徹查此事。
文章開頭一句話即是敘述居民們如何努力幫助教師與學校官員們:residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators。Pitch in詞組是努力投入的意思,可見居民們對此事十分重視,力爭幫助學校走出難關。C的敘述符合這個意思,而A的敘述與C的意思恰好相反,可以排除。至于B,從全篇來看,對居民們的描寫均為始終是如何幫助學校,沒有提到譴責誰的問題,也沒有要求徹查此事——要求調查此事的是Coffman(At Coffman’s request——在Coffman的要求下——the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances),而他是一位官員,不是該地居民。
28. B
題目問在Mike Coffman看來,教育預算短缺是……
A,不可避免的。
B,不可想象的。
C,無法解決的。
D,不能取消的。
文章講到Coffman的地方一共三處,次是引用了他對預算短缺事件的評論:It’s extraordinary. Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level。意思是“這太不尋常了。誰也想不到會發生這樣的事,這種程度的事”。第二次是他擬定了一份緊急貸款方案(Coffman and district officials last week agreed on a state emergency plan),第三次是他要求調查地區財政(At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances)。
從本題的題意及四個選項來看,應該考查的是對處——也就是他的發言的理解。Coffman的發言首先指出此事的extraordinary,不同尋常;而后表示了驚訝——誰也想不到會發生這樣的事,這種程度的事。他對此事的態度大體上是“不可思議”。這樣A和D明顯不對,B的說法正確,至于C,引言中無法體現出來,而結合后面二處的描寫,也沒有發現“無法解決”的跡象,反倒是緊急貸款和調查財政等雷厲風行的行事態度顯示出解決此事的決心。因為C的說法也不正確。
29. A
題目問Coffman為什么要求展開調查。
文中講述Coffman要求調查此案是在第六段,除此外再無段落出現相關敘述,因此只要完全理解這一段的意思就可以做出正確的解答。
At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.
這一段共2句話。句指出Coffman要求調查地區財務。第二句是一個長句,主結構是Coffman says ……這樣一個主謂賓結構。賓語從句中依然嵌套一個賓語從句he wants to know whether……后面內容的意思是“是否地區官員掩蓋了預算短缺問題,直到十一月投票發生以后……”后半句是一個非限制性定語從句,when指代的是十一月投票,意思是在十一月投票中,“投票者通過了二億一千二百萬美元的學校公債事項。”這樣,Coffman所懷疑的就是地區官員有可能在十一月投票中掩蓋了預算短缺問題,以使公債事項得以通過。
A,看是否有故意掩蓋問題的行為。這一說法與文意一致。
B,看一看此事的后果嚴重到什么程度。這個說法沒有著落點。
C,確定學校官員是無辜的。文章沒有提到類似的內容。
D,阻止選民通過二億一千二百萬美元的公債事項。理解文意可知,這一公債事項早在十一月投票就已經通過,現在不可能再去阻止。
30. D
題目問三家高中的學生開設了一家網站,其目的是什么。
A,吸引更多的公共關注,以為己用。
B,呼吁公眾捐獻物資。
C,揭露玩忽職守的官員們。
D,使人們隨時得知此次危機事件的真實進展。
文章提到學生建設網站之事是在后一段。At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum (論壇)。 “Rumors about what’s happening to the district are moving at lighting speed,” said a student. “We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”
句敘述了學生們建設網站的事實,第二句引用了學生們的原話,解釋了建設網站的原因。前一句意思是“關于這個地區發生了什么的謠言傳得向閃電一樣快”,后一句的意思是“我們想去了解真相,然后把真相傳播出去。”注意后一句里面使用的時態:wanted用的是一般過去時,表示這一想法是建設網站之初的想法,而不是現在的想法,這樣就可推斷出這一想法就是建站的目的。四個選項中只有D符合這個意思。
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